9Fort of Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi – Syria (circa 727 AD)

Located in the Syrian desert, Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi was built during the Umayyad period as both a fortress and a palace.

Its impressive square design, thick walls, and bastions mark it as one of the earliest examples of Islamic military architecture. Though now in ruins, the remnants of this castle highlight the sophistication and strategic planning of early Islamic states.

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