4Jakarta, Indonesia

Jakarta, Indonesia’s capital, faces severe pollution issues, primarily due to its rapid population growth and industrialization.

The Ciliwung River, which runs through the city, is heavily polluted by industrial waste and household garbage, turning it into one of the dirtiest rivers in the world. Air pollution is also rampant, caused by high traffic density and coal-based power plants. Jakarta’s low-lying geography makes it prone to frequent flooding, which often spreads waste and pollution throughout the city, worsening the public health situation.

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