The Pantheon’s structural stability is due, in part, to the composition of its concrete.
The ancient Romans used a unique formula involving volcanic ash and aggregate to create a durable and resilient material. This mixture has contributed to the Pantheon’s longevity and endurance.
While Europe is famously dotted with castles, some of the world’s oldest stretch across the Middle East and Asia as well, revealing the deep roots of fortified construction in human civilization.