6Cairo, Egypt

Cairo is the largest city in the Arab world and a vital cultural and economic hub. However, it also suffers from significant environmental issues, especially regarding air quality.

The city’s location, along with its overpopulation, has led to the accumulation of dust and vehicle emissions that blanket the city in thick smog. Industrial pollution, poorly regulated construction sites, and traffic congestion also contribute to poor air quality. Additionally, the Nile River, a lifeline for Egypt, is often polluted by agricultural runoff, untreated sewage, and industrial waste, further degrading the city’s environmental standards.